fa سیستم ایمنی بر روی صحنه نمایش: تأثیر تدریس ایمنولوژی پایه با استفاده از نمایش دانشجوئی بر عملکرد تحصیلی و رضایت مندی دانشجویان پرستاری عمومى General پژوهشي Orginal <strong><span style="letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مقدمه و هدف</span></span></span></strong>: <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;"><span style="color: black;">ا</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;"> دوره</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">آموزش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">پرستاری</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یک</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">برنامه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">فشرده</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">و</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درمواردی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">همراه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">بااسترس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">است</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دراینحالت،</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ممکن</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">است</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یادگیری</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کاهش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یابد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">با</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">توجه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نقش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مهم</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دانش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">اموختگان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">این</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">رشته،</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سعی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">آن</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">است</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تا</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">از</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">روشهای</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">آموزش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کارآمد</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">گردد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نمایش،</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یکی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">از</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">روش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">های</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نوین</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">شبیه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سازی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">است</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">که</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درافزایش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یادگیری</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تأثیر</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">بسزایی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دارد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ازاینرو،</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تأثیر</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نمایش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">در</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تدریس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ایمنولوژی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">بهمراه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سخنرانی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یادگیری</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دانشجویان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">باروش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تدریس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سخنرانی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">شد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: times new roman;">.</span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">روش‌ها:</span></span></span></strong> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دوکلاس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مجزا</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ازدانشجویان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">پرستاری</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درنظرگرفته</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">و</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">به</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">هردوگروه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">بشکل</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سخنرانی</span></span> <a name="OLE_LINK6"></a><a name="OLE_LINK5"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ارائه</span></span></a> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">شد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یک</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کلاس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تدریس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">باسخنرانی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">و</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">گروه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دیگرروش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تدریس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سخنرانی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">بهمراه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نمایش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">شد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">.&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">در</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">این</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">روش،</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">هر</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دانشجودر</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نقش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یک</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">عامل</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سیستم</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ایمنی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ارائه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">شده</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">در</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">آن</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">جلسه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ایفای</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نقش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کرد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">.&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درآخرین</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">جلسه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نیز</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دانشجویان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درنقش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مجموعه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">عوامل</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سیستم</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ایمنی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">علیه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یک</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">عامل</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">عفونی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">عمل</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کردند</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">. </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">در</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">پایان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ترم</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">آزمون</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مشابه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">شامل</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;"> 40 </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سؤال</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">باضریب</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دشواری</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">وضریب</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تمیز</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یکسان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">برگزار</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">و</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نمره</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دو</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کلاس</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">و</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">رضایتمندی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دانشجویان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">با</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">پرسشنامه</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">اخذشد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">یافته‌ها<span style="letter-spacing: -0.4pt;">:</span></span></span></strong> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نتایج نشانگر افزایش معنادار میانگین نمره دانشجویان در گروه تدریس بهمراه نمایش بود.&nbsp; البته، میانگین نمره پایان ترم دختران گروه تدریس به روش سخنرانی بهمراه نمایش به میزان معناداری بیش از دختران گروه تدریس با سخنرانی بود.&nbsp; ولی پسران، تفاوت معناداری نداشتند.<a name="OLE_LINK11"> نظرخواهی نشان داد که 100 درصد دانشجویان ازاین روش تدریس لذت برد</a><a name="OLE_LINK15">ه و معتقد بودند معلوماتشان اضافه شده </a></span><a name="OLE_LINK17"></a><a name="OLE_LINK16">بود.</a></span><br> <strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نتیجه‌گیری</span></span></strong><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">:</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نمایش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">به</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درک</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">عمیق تر</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">ایمنولوژی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کمک</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">وآموزش</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">را</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">به</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">فرایندی</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">خوشایند</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">تبدیل</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کرد</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">.&nbsp; </span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مهم</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">اینکه،</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">دانشجویان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">درجریان</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">اجرای</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">نمایش</span></span> <a name="OLE_LINK35"></a><a name="OLE_LINK34"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">سؤالات</span></span></a> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">مفهومی</span></span><a name="OLE_LINK37"></a><a name="OLE_LINK36"></a> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">رامطرح</span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">کردند</span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: b yagut;">.</span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <strong>Introduction:</strong> Nuring is an intensive course which may cause stress and, in turn, decrease learning abilities. Given the important role of nursing graduates, efficient teaching methods should be used. Acting is one of the new simulation methods that improve learning. Hence, the effect of acting along with lecturing was compared with pure lecturing of basic immunology on student&#39;s learning<span dir="RTL">.</span><br> <strong>Methods:</strong> Two separate classes of nursing students were selected. For one class, the course was taught only through lecturing and for the other, through lecturing plus acting. In the latter, each student played as an immune response element taught in that session. At the final session, all of the students were involved and played the role of immune system elements against an infectious agent. At the end of the semester, a final exam was given to the students containing 40questions with similar difficulty and discrimination index. The results were analyzed, and the students&#39; satisfaction was evaluated using a questionnaire<br> <strong>Results:</strong> There was a significant increase in the average satisfaction of the class which was taught through lecturing and acting. Of course, the mean score for the female students was significantly higher. However, males did not show a significant difference. Results of the questionnaire showed that 100% of the students enjoyed this teaching method and believed their knowledge had increased.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Acting helps deeper learning of immunology and changes the learning from a boring process to a pleasant one. More importantly, the students could be asked conceptual questions during the performances.<br> <strong>Citation:</strong> Pouragha B, Norouzinia R, Ghazivakili Z, Pakravan N. Immune system on the stage: The effect of teaching basic immunology using students&rsquo; theater on the nursing students&#39; academic performance and satisfaction. Journal of Development Strategies in Medical Education 2018; 5(2): 63-74. آموزش, ایمنولوژی, نمایش, یادگیری, تئاتر دانشجوئی Acting, Immunology, Education, Learning 71 82 http://dsme.hums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-210-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Behrooz Pouragha بهروز پورآقا 10031947532846004001 10031947532846004001 No دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج Roohangiz Norouzinia روح انگیز نوروزی نیا 10031947532846004002 10031947532846004002 No دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج Zohreh Ghazivakili زهره قاضی وکیلی 10031947532846004003 10031947532846004003 No دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج Pakravan Nafiseh نفیسه پاکروان 10031947532846004004 10031947532846004004 Yes دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج